Photo: Pb/Zn smelter slags on left were revegetated in 1994 with heavy applications of waste lime and biosolids followed by use of local acid- and salt-tolerant grasses. Woody species have invaded.

Research:
We worked collaboratively with the USEPA (Ken Pantuck and Bob Bastian), USAID (Francesca DiCosmo), USDA-ARS (Rufus Chaney) and the Polish Institute of Soil and Plant Cultivation (Tom Stuczynksi) between 1994 and 2002 to develop strategies for the in situ remediation of Pb/Zn smelter slags and tailings in southern Poland. Using local waste limes and biosolids, we successfully and permanently (10+ years) revegetated a wide range of previously phytotoxic wastes.

Stuczynski et al. 1997. Stabilization and Revegetation of Metal Smelter Wastes in Poland